Multilayer Boards

Multilayer PCBs with 4 to more than 20 copper layers represent the most complex and sensitive type of printed circuit boards used in advanced electronic and industrial equipment. Common failures include opens in inner layers, cracked vias and thermal problems caused by layer imbalance. Specialized diagnostics require advanced equipment such as flying-probe testers, X-ray microscopes and network analyzers for precise tracing of internal traces. Professional repairs include controlled layer opening when necessary, micro-via repair techniques, reconstruction of interrupted traces with precision wiring or jumpers, and complete electrical and thermal testing after repair. These processes are performed in accordance with IPC-A-600 and IPC-7711/7721 standards to fully restore the reliability and performance of the multilayer board.